Steam



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

E. M. ORANDALL.

STEAM, AIR, OR WATER MOTOR.

Patented Oct. 13, 1896.

Inventor.

Witnesses.

Mfim lmm Attorney.

Tm: Noam; vnzas co. v-oro uwov. wAsnmrrrou, n c.

' s SheetsSheet 2.

N6 Model.)

B. M. ORANDALL. STEAM, AIR, 0R WATER MOTOR.

No. 569,546. Patented 001;. 13, 1896.

, naval/E J Inventor.

M. Wm

1 \fi Attorney.

(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 3.

E. MLGRANDA'LL. STEAM, AIR, 0R WATER MOTOR.

No. 669,546. Patented 001;. 13, 1896.

Witnesses. Inventor. fiih/mw 67]. mdww Attorney.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMMET M. CRANDALII, OF ST. JOSEPH, MISSOURI.

STEAM, AIR, OR WATER MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 569,546, dated October 13, 1896.

Application filed June 17, 1896. Serial No. 595,881- (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern: 7

Be it known that I, EMMET M. CRANDALL, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of St. Joseph, in the county of Buchanan and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam, Air, or \Vater Motors and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a representation of a section on line m m, Fig. 2, with middle piston raised. Fig. 2 is a section on line y y, Fig. 1. Fig. is asectional view on line .2 .2 Fig. 1. Fig. et is a similar view with piston in lowered position. Fig. 5 is a section on line a a, Fig. 3, pistons being removed. Fig. 6 is an end elevation of motor. Fig. 7 is a detail view of crank-shaft and cranks. Fig.

8 illustrates the piston in detail.

This invention is designed to provide a motor or engine capable of being operated by air, steam, water, or other fluid-pressure, which is direct acting and has no valves, journals, or connecting-rods to get out of order or create lost motion; which is reversible and easy to operate, having three or more cranks, as may be desired, and consequently no dead-center; which has great simplicity in its working parts, and in which the valves and piston are combined, doing away with the reciprocating movement of the ordinary valve motions, and thereby obtaining an increased velocity and simplicity of working.

\Vith these objects in view the invention consists in the novel construction and combination of parts, all substantially as hereinafter described, and pointed out in the appended claims.

The invention is especially valuable for use in shopwork, such as boring out cylinders, drilling and tapping out stay-bolts of boilers, or any work of that description, the engine being operated very conveniently and satisfactorily by compressed airfurnished by a \Vestinghouse locomotive air-pump. It is also valuable for running the dynamos which furnish passenger-trains with electric light, and for many other purposes.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown Referring to the drawings, the letterA designates a casing. 13 is a crank-shaft journaled at a a in the end walls of said casing, and having within the latter three equallydistant cranks designated, respectively, by the numerals 1, 2, and 3. Said cranks are carried by large circular disks b, which form the arms thereof, and which are neatly fitted to circular bearings O on the inner walls (see Fig. 1) of the casing, whereby the said shaft is relieved from strain.

Upon the casing A is placed the cylindercase D, which may be an integral casting, bored to form the three cylinders 4, 5, andB, which are side by side, one in line with each of the cranks of shaft B. Form ed in the base of said case D, one at each side, are two lon-.

gitudinal chambers E and E, the former constituting the induction chamber or chest and the latter the exhaust-chamber. F is the supply-pipe which is connected with the chamber E, and which has a cut-off valve G, and F is the exhaust-pipe, which is connected with the chamber E. In the opposite lateral walls of each of the cylinders are two vertical passages or chambers H and H, which communicate, by means of the respective ports h h, with the interior of the cylinder about midway between its upper and lower ends, and which at their lower ends communicate with the respective chambers E E.

The numerals 7, 8, and 9 designate the three pistons, which consist each of an elongated cylinder fitted to work neatly in its cylinder-chamber and provided with suitable packings, as the rings At its lower end each cylinder has an elongated cam-foot K, which impinges upon one of the cranks of the shaft B. Each of said cylinders has a longitudinal chamber L in its upper half, open at the top and closed at the bottom by a wall It, below which the cylinder is preferably hollow. Formed in the upper half of said cylinder and communicating with the chamber L are two narrow elongated ports l l, which are about one hundred and fifty degrees distant from-each other. '(See Fig. 2.)

It will. be observed that the interior of the .its port Z-about to be opened. Fig. '0

casing A is divided into three compartments by means of the disks 1) and bearings 0, each of which compartments communicates at its upper end with one of the cylinder-chambers and forms an enlarged continuation thereof. Formed on the lateral walls of each of the said compartments are the oppositely-inclined ledges or cam-surfaces m m. (See Figs. 1, 2, 3, and at.) ranged that the engagement of the feet K of the pistons therewith, when said pistons are near the opposite limits of their strokes, causes the pistons to be partially rotated, whereby the ports Z Z of each are brought into and out of registration with the induct and educt ports h h at the proper times.

In Fig. 1 the middle crank 2 is shown on top center, the foot K of the piston 8 being in engagement with the upper inclines m of the center compartment of the casing A and the port l just coming to register with the induction-port 71'. The end cranks 1 and 3 are at this time in the position also indicated in said figure. As the piston 8 makes its downstroke the port 1 is full open and remains open until the piston reaches nearly the limit of the stroke, when said port com- I The I mences to close and the port '1 to open. position at this time (whenthe crank 2 is on the bottom center) is shown in Fig. 4. The port Z of the piston 9 is now wide open and said piston is on the d-ownstroke, while the piston 7 is near the limit of its upstroke with shows the position when the crank 2 vis again on top center, port l of the piston 8 being open and the port Z of the piston -9 also being open for exhaust. The positions of the three pistons and of the several ports at this time will be understood by reference -to Figs. 1 and 2. It will be seen that during the downstroke of each piston its foot is impinging upon its respective crank, which slides or rolls thereon. During the opposite stroke the piston is raised by the crank. v

To start the engine in either direction, all that is required is to open the cut-off valve and turn the balance-wheel P in the desired direction.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a motor, the combination of acrankshaft, a cylinder having induct and educt ports, a chambered piston having elongated induct and educt ports adapted to be brought into register with the corresponding ports of said cylinder, and having also a foot which impinges upon a crank of said shaft, and means for partially rotating said piston during its reciprocation, to bring the several ports successively into the proper operative relations, substantially as specified.

2. In a motor, the combination of the easing the crank-shaft having three or more cranks inside said casin g, a cylinder opposite to each of the said cranks and having induct These cam-surfaces are so arand educt ports, the elongated open-ended pistons, having each elongated induct and educt ports, adapted to be brought to register with the corresponding ports of the said cylinder, by a rotary movement of the piston and having also each a foot which impinges upon one of the said cranks, and means for cylinder-chambers as there are cranks in the said shaft, and opposite the same, saidchambers having each an induct and an educt port, the elongated reciprocative open-ended cylinder-pistons, havingeach an elongated, induct and educt port communicating with the open chamber thereof and adapted to be brought into andout of register with the corresponding ports of the cylinder by a rotary movement of the piston, said pistons also having each a foot which impinges against one of the said cranks, together with means for partially rotating said cranks, together with means for partially rotating said pistons as they are reciprocated, substantially as specified.

4:. In a motor, the combination of the easing A, having the internal bearings, the crank-shaft,the cylinder-case having as many independent cylinder-chambers as there are cranks in the said shaft, and having also in duct and exhaust chambers connected with suitable conduits and also each connected with each of the said cylinder-chambers, the elongated cylinder-pistons, having the 'open chambers therein, and induct and exhaust ports through the lateral walls of said chambers, and also having each a foot arranged to impinge upon the cranks of the said shaft,

ICC

together with means whereby said pistons are partially rotated as they are reciprocated to properly operate the induct and exhaust ports, substantially as specified.

5. In a motor, the combination with the 

